Many Ghanaian couples hold a traditional marriage first, then a church wedding. What some do not realise is that the legal status of their marriage depends on which ceremony is registered and how. An ordinance marriage, conducted under the Marriages Act, is one of the main ways to marry legally in Ghana, and it comes with specific rules.
Three types of marriage and giving notice
Ghanaian law recognises customary marriage, ordinance marriage under the Marriages Act, and Muslim marriage under the relevant law. Each has different procedures and consequences. An ordinance marriage is a monogamous marriage, meaning neither partner may marry another person while it lasts. It is conducted by a licensed minister in a licensed place of worship or by a registrar at an approved office.
Couples must give notice of their intention to marry to the registrar of marriages in the district where they plan to marry. The notice is published so that anyone with a lawful objection can come forward. A waiting period follows before the marriage can take place.
Documents, witnesses and the certificate
Typical requirements include identification such as the Ghana Card, passport photographs, evidence of age and, where applicable, proof that previous marriages have ended by divorce or death. Many church weddings are ordinance marriages, provided the church is licensed and the minister is authorised. Check this with your church. The marriage must be witnessed, usually by two people, who sign the register along with the couple and the officiant.
After the ceremony, the couple receives a marriage certificate. Keep it safe. It may be needed for visas, name changes, inheritance and other legal matters.
Converting a customary marriage and fees
Couples already married under customary law can convert their marriage to an ordinance marriage, subject to the law’s requirements. The type of marriage affects issues such as property rights, inheritance and divorce. Lawyers advise couples to understand the differences before marrying. Some couples choose a simple ceremony at the registrar’s office, followed by a celebration with family.
There are fees for notice and certificates. Ask your district registrar for the current amounts. The traditional ceremony brings two families together, and the reception brings the party. The ordinance marriage certificate is what the law will look for years later.
